Astronomía maya

The Maya civilization flourished in southeastern Mexico and Central America, in areas such as the Yucatán Peninsula and Chiapas. They developed remarkably accurate calendars, used the concept of zero in their mathematics, and tracked the movements of the sun, moon, and Venus.

Buildings like El Caracol at Chichén Itzá are believed to have served as astronomical observatories. This scientific achievement is what the question highlights, rather than warfare or metalwork, for which other cultures are better known.